The Cerrado is the world's richest savanna in biodiversity, with the presence of various ecosystems, a rich flora with over 10,000 species of plants, 837 species of birds, 161 species of mammals, 150 species of amphibians and of 120 species of reptiles.

Those are endemic 4,400 species of plants, 19 species of mammals, 45 species of amphibians and 45 species of reptiles.

Only in the Federal District there are 90 species of termites, 1,000 species of butterflies, 500 species of bees. Endemic means that are solely those of Cerrado! (IBAMA)

During the 1970 and 1980 decades there were a moving swiftly, based on agricultural deforestation, with burnt, chemical and toxic fertilizers uses, resulting in 67% of areas of cerrado "highly modified", with erosion, silting up and poisoning ecosystems. Only 20% of the original area was retained.

From the 1990s, Governments and various society's sectors organized discuss how preserving what remained of Cerrado and other initiatives that allow a model of sustainable development.

The Federal conservation units in the Cerrado comprise: ten national parks, three stations ecological and six areas of environmental protection.